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Statement Of Financial Position
This note introduces students to the basic elements of this financial statement, providing a format to guide students in preparing the statement of Financial Position as required by specific objective 5 of module 2 in the CAPE Accounting Syllabus
Edu Level: Unit1
Date: Dec 13, 2024
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STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
A financial statement that provides a summary of a company’s assets (resources owned), liabilities (obligations owed), and equity (net assets after deducting liabilities) as of a specific date.
Shows the assets, liabilities, and Equity (capital) of the business at a specific point in time.
- Assets – Resources controlled by the business from which future economic benefits are
expected. Assets are classified as:
• Current Assets – intended to be realise the asset within 12 months of reporting
(converted to cash) or intends to sell or consume it, in the entity’s normal
operating cycle or it is held primarily for trading purposes, or the asset is cash or
a cash equivalent e.g., inventory, receivables, short-term investments, bank, cash,
prepayments
• Non-current Assets – A firm can identify all other assets as non-current.
(Intended to be used for more than one year) e.g., land, building, fittings, motor
vehicles, investments. NCA is disclosed at NBV
- Liabilities – debts owing by the business. Liabilities may be classified as:
• Current liabilities –Current Liabilities: Obligations expected to be resolved within the regular operating cycle, used primarily for business operations, or due for payment within a short timeframe. (paid within one year) e.g., payables,
overdraft, current portion of loans, accrued expenses, dividend payable, taxes
payable
• Non-current liabilities – all other liabilities are non-current (paid after one year)
e.g., debentures, long-term loans, mortgages, bonds payable
- Equity - An entity with share capital shall disclose the following, either in the statement
of financial position or in the notes:
(a)
for each class of share capital:
(i) the number of shares authorized.
(ii) The total number of shares that have been issued and fully paid, as well as those that have been issued but not fully paid.
(iii) The par value of each share, or confirmation that the shares do not have a par value.
(iv) Reconciliation of Shares which is a comprehensive breakdown detailing the number of shares outstanding at the start and end of the reporting period, including any changes due to issuance, repurchase, or other adjustments.
(v) The rights, preferences, and restrictions associated with that class of shares, including limitations on dividend distributions and capital repayment.
(vi) Shares owned by the entity, its subsidiaries, or affiliates.
(vii) Shares that are designated for issuance under options and contracts for share sales."
(b) a description of each reserve within equity.
FORMAT FOR STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
Business Name
Statement of Financial Position
As at _
$ | $ | $ | |
---|---|---|---|
Assets | |||
Current Assets | |||
Cash | X | ||
Bank | X | ||
Short-term Investments / Marketable Securities | X | ||
Accounts Receivable | X | ||
"Other" Receivables (e.g., notes, interest) | X | ||
Inventory | X | ||
Supplies | X | ||
Prepaid Expenses | X | ||
Total Current Assets | x | ||
Non-Current Assets | |||
Long-term Investments | X | ||
Investment in Real Estate | X | ||
Total Long-term Investments | X | ||
Property, Plant, & Equipment | |||
Asset at Cost | x | ||
Less: Accumulated Depreciation | (X) | ||
Net Property, Plant, & Equipment | X | ||
Total Non-current Assets | x | ||
Intangible Assets | |||
Asset at Depreciable Value | x | ||
Less: Amortization | (X) | ||
Total Intangible Assets | X | ||
Total Assets | XXX | ||
Liabilities & Equity | |||
Current Liabilities | |||
Accounts Payable | X | ||
Short-term Debt | X | ||
Accrued Expenses | X | ||
Total Current Liabilities | X | ||
Non-Current Liabilities | |||
Long-term Debt | X | ||
Deferred Tax Liabilities | X | ||
Total Non-Current Liabilities | X | ||
Total Liabilities | X | ||
Equity | |||
Preferred Stock | X | ||
Common Stock | X | ||
Additional Paid-in Capital | X | ||
Retained Earnings | X | ||
Total Equity | X | ||
Total Liabilities & Equity | XXX |